Table 2 Demographic characteristics by major category of the Korean Standard Classification of Occupations among female workers
Managers | Professional and related workers | Clerks | Service workers | Sales workers | Skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers | Craft and related trades workers | Equipment, machine operation and assembling workers | Elementary workers | Total | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (yr)* | 54.1 (3.9) | 34.2 (0.6) | 33.7 (0.7) | 43.2 (1.0) | 43.2 (1.0) | 57.4 (1.5) | 49.1 (2.9) | 41.8 (2.4) | 51.7 (1.0) | 45.4 (0.6) | < 0.001 |
Education | < 0.001 | ||||||||||
≤ Elementary school | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.6 (0.3) | 0.3 (0.3) | 21.7 (3.3) | 18.4 (2.6) | 67.2 (4.7) | 30.4 (9.7) | 16.5 (7.4) | 39.8 (3.0) | 22.3 (1.9) | |
Middle school | 18.2 (15.1) | 0.6 (0.4) | 2.2 (1.0) | 18.3 (2.9) | 13.3 (2.5) | 15.5 (4.5) | 34.5 (8.4) | 17.2 (7.6) | 18.5 (3.4) | 11.6 (1.1) | |
High school | 18.4 (12.9) | 17.1 (2.5) | 50.1 (3.9) | 47.3 (3.6) | 47.6 (3.7) | 15.0 (4.2) | 31.8 (7.6) | 60.4 (10.3) | 34.7 (3.7) | 34.5 (1.7) | |
≥ University | 63.3 (18.0) | 81.7 (2.5) | 47.4 (4.1) | 12.6 (2.7) | 20.7 (3.0) | 2.3 (1.4) | 3.3 (2.3) | 5.8 (4.1) | 6.9 (1.8) | 31.5 (1.8) | |
Household income | < 0.001 | ||||||||||
Low | 0.0 (0.0) | 4.0 (1.4) | 2.6 (1.2) | 10.0 (2.3) | 12.1 (2.3) | 35.7 (4.9) | 30.6 (9.4) | 0.0 (0.0) | 25.1 (2.9) | 14.2 (1.3) | |
Low-middle | 1.2 (1.2) | 17.2 (2.7) | 20.7 (3.8) | 31.1 (3.6) | 23.0 (3.8) | 25.6 (3.2) | 23.6 (6.1) | 23.9 (7.7) | 36.9 (3.4) | 25.4 (1.5) | |
Middle-high | 14.6 (13.3) | 37.4 (3.3) | 36.8 (4.2) | 30.7 (3.8) | 35.4 (3.8) | 18.0 (3.3) | 28.2 (7.6) | 45.2 (10.9) | 22.6 (2.5) | 30.8 (1.5) | |
High | 84.2 (13.4) | 41.4 (3.4) | 40.0 (3.8) | 28.2 (3.3) | 29.6 (3.7) | 20.7 (3.2) | 17.6 (6.5) | 30.9 (9.5) | 15.4 (2.6) | 29.6 (1.6) | |
High-risk drinking | < 0.001 | ||||||||||
Never | 77.4 (15.6) | 39.6 (3.5) | 31.7 (3.9) | 35.9 (3.9) | 43.6 (3.8) | 57.0 (5.4) | 18.5 (6.7) | 37.1 (11.3) | 42.7 (5.0) | 39.8 (1.7) | |
Once a month | 22.6 (15.6) | 45.0 (3.7) | 52.9 (4.3) | 43.5 (4.0) | 37.8 (4.2) | 38.4 (4.4) | 58.6 (9.3) | 59.8 (11.7) | 35.9 (3.9) | 43.6 (4.6) | |
Once a weak | 0.0 (0.0) | 15.4 (3.2) | 14.7 (3.0) | 13.6 (2.6) | 17.2 (3.3) | 4.0 (2.2) | 19.5 (8.5) | 3.1 (3.1) | 14.3 (3.3) | 13.8 (1.3) | |
Everyday | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.7 (0.7) | 7.0 (2.0) | 1.3 (1.3) | 0.6 (0.6) | 3.4 (2.6) | 0.0 (0.0) | 7.1 (3.0) | 2.7 (0.6) | |
Smoking status | 0.015 | ||||||||||
Non-smoker | 100.0 (0.0) | 88.5 (1.9) | 86.3 (2.7) | 86.0 (3.1) | 83.4 (3.0) | 96.4 (1.7) | 91.8 (5.6) | 96.7 (3.3) | 83.0 (3.2) | 87.4 (1.2) | |
Ex-smoker | 0.0 (0.0) | 7.5 (1.6) | 7.9 (2.2) | 4.9 (1.7) | 9.5 (2.4) | 2.3 (1.4) | 8.0 (5.6) | 0.0 (0.0) | 5.4 (1.7) | 6.3 (0.8) | |
Current smoker | 0.0 (0.0) | 4.0 (1.1) | 5.8 (1.8) | 9.2 (2.9) | 7.1 (2.2) | 1.3 (0.8) | 0.1 (0.1) | 3.3 (3.3) | 11.6 (3.1) | 6.3 (0.9) | |
Vigorous physical activity | 0.007 | ||||||||||
None | 55.8 (18.7) | 74.1 (3.1) | 70.2 (3.7) | 70.1 (3.7) | 69.5 (3.8) | 76.1 (4.1) | 86.3 (5.4) | 61.5 (8.8) | 75.0 (3.2) | 72.9 (1.4) | |
< 5 days per week | 44.2 (18.7) | 21.8 (2.9) | 26.2 (3.6) | 20.4 (3.6) | 23.7 (3.3) | 11.4 (2.7) | 6.5 (3.6) | 23.9 (8.4) | 16.2 (2.4) | 19.8 (1.2) | |
≥ 5 days per week | 0.0 (0.0) | 4.1 (1.3) | 3.6 (1.4) | 9.5 (2.3) | 6.8 (2.0) | 12.5 (3.3) | 7.2 (4.3) | 14.6 (5.6) | 8.8 (2.0) | 7.3 (0.8) | |
Work hours | < 0.001 | ||||||||||
≤ 40 hours per week | 80.4 (13.9) | 57.0 (3.5) | 52.4 (4.2) | 33.7 (4.0) | 48.9 (4.0) | 50.9 (4.0) | 29.4 (7.3) | 35.9 (9.9) | 64.5 (3.6) | 51.2 (1.6) | |
> 40 hours per week | 19.6 (13.9) | 43.0 (3.5) | 47.6 (4.2) | 66.3 (4.0) | 51.1 (4.0) | 49.1 (4.0) | 70.6 (7.3) | 64.1 (9.9) | 35.5 (3.6) | 48.8 (1.6) | |
Work schedule pattern | <0.001 | ||||||||||
Day | 93.8 (5.4) | 74.8 (3.2) | 94.3 (2.0) | 70.2 (3.7) | 77.7 (3.4) | 99.0 (0.7) | 93.0 (4.6) | 74.2 (9.6) | 85.8 (2.7) | 82.7 (1.5) | |
Night/overnight | 5.1 (5.1) | 18.9 (3.0) | 3.2 (1.5) | 24.5 (3.4) | 15.6 (2.9) | 0.0 | 4.6 (2.6) | 6.1 (3.8) | 12.0 (2.6) | 12.9 (1.3) | |
Shift | 1.1 (1.2) | 3.8 (1.5) | 1.7 (1.3) | 2.2 (0.9) | 3.7 (1.7) | 0.3 (0.3) | 2.4 (2.4) | 8.1 (6.1) | 1.2 (0.6) | 2.4 (0.5) | |
Others | 0.0 | 2.5 (1.0) | 0.7 (0.5) | 3.1 (1.2) | 3.0 (1.4) | 0.7 (0.6) | 0.0 | 11.6 (9.0) | 1.0 (0.5) | 2.0 (0.4) | |
BMI category | 0.009 | ||||||||||
Normal/underweight | 82.8 (11.7) | 82.9 (2.5) | 79.7 (3.2) | 72.2 (3.2) | 68.5 (4.0) | 66.8 (4.4) | 69.4 (8.0) | 70.3 (9.6) | 70.9 (2.6) | 74.2 (1.3) | |
Overweight | 17.2 (11.7) | 14.5 (2.2) | 15.0 (2.6) | 22.5 (3.0) | 27.6 (4.0) | 26.4 (3.3) | 30.5 (8.0) | 17.3 (7.8) | 24.4 (2.7) | 21.2 (1.1) | |
Obese | 0.0 (0.0) | 2.6 (1.2) | 5.2 (1.9) | 5.3 (1.8) | 3.9 (1.5) | 6.8 (1.9) | 0.1 (0.1) | 12.4 (7.0) | 4.7 (1.3) | 4.5 (0.7) |