From: Pulmonary function decline in firefighters and non-firefighters in South Korea
Harmful substances | n | Mean | Minimum | Maximum | Exposure limit† |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (ppm) | 37 | ND* | ND | ND | 0.005 |
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (ppm) | 38 | ND | ND | ND | 0.005 |
Toluene-2,6-diisocyanate (ppm) | 36 | ND | ND | ND | 0.005 |
Aluminium (mg/m3) (metal dust) | 55 | 0.01156 | 0.00088 | 0.24009 | 10 |
Chromium (mg/m3) (metal) | 29 | 0.00074 | 0.00011 | 0.00292 | 0.5 |
Iron oxide (mg/m3) (dust and fume) | 35 | 0.03253 | 0.00158 | 0.04759 | 5 |
Cobalt (mg/m3) (dust and fume) | 57 | 0.00194 | 0.00194 | 0.00194 | 0.02 |
Tungsten (mg/m3) (insoluble compounds) | 11 | ND | ND | ND | 5 |
Mineral dust (mg/m3) | 36 | 0.76358 | 0.239 | 2.014 | 10 |
Grain dust (mg/m3) | 4 | 1.691 | 1.691 | 1.691 | 4 |
Nickel (mg/m3) (metal) | 9 | 0.00047 | 0.00009 | 0.00169 | 1 |
Tin (mg/m3) (metal) | 4 | 0.00952 | ND | 0.0127 | 2 |
Welding fume (mg/m3) | 22 | 0.685 | 0.685 | 0.685 | 5 |