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Table 2 Urine cotinine concentration by whether the subject was exposed to SHSa by sex

From: Decline in non-smoking workers’ urine cotinine levels after increased smoking regulation in Korea

  

2009 (ng/ml)

  

2010 (ng/ml)

  

2011 (ng/ml)

  
  

N

GM†

95%CI

p-value‡

p-value§

N

GM†

95%CI

p-value‡

p-value§

N

GM†

95%CI

p-value‡

p-value§

SHS exposure

     

<0.001

    

<0.001

    

<0.001

No

Total

424

2.54

(2.29-2.80)

  

493

1.75

(1.57-1.94)

  

521

1.08

(0.99-1.17)

  
 

Male

171

2.90

(2.48-3.39)

<0.05

 

226

1.89

(1.56-2.16)

0.428

 

231

1.17

(1.01-1.31)

0.183

 
 

Female

253

2.33

(2.05-2.64)

  

267

1.64

(1.44-1.95)

  

290

1.01

(0.91-1.15)

  

Yes

Total

315

3.49

(3.13-3.94)

  

348

2.79

(2.47-3.19)

  

374

1.71

(1.55-1.89)

  
 

Male

132

3.38

(2.85-4.17)

0.890

 

172

2.29

(1.96-2.80)

<0.05

 

200

1.62

(1.40-1.87)

0.285

 
 

Female

183

3.57

(3.00-4.12)

  

176

3.40

(2.79-3.97)

  

174

1.82

(1.56-2.12)

  
  1. aSHS, second hand smoke
  2. †GM, geometric mean adjusted for sex, alcohol consumption, residential type
  3. ‡Comparison of sex after stratification by whether the subject was exposed to SHS through ANCOVA (adjusted for alcohol consumption, residential type)
  4. §Comparison by whether the subject was exposed to SHS through ANCOVA (adjusted for sex, alcohol consumption, residential type)
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Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

ISSN: 2052-4374

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