Table 2 Distribution of depressive symptoms

Total (N)

697

(66.1)

357

(33.9)

Age (years)

<30

765

(72.6)

486

(63.5)

279

(36.5)

0.004

≥30

289

(27.4)

211

(73.0)

78

(27.0)

Shift work

Yes

872

(82.7)

550

(63.1)

322

(36.9)

<0.001

No

182

(17.3)

147

(80.8)

35

(19.2)

Marital status

Married

196

(18.6)

147

(75.0)

49

(25.0)

0.004

Unmarried

858

(81.4)

550

(64.1)

308

(35.9)

Education level

≥college

341

(32.4)

253

(74.2)

88

(25.8)

<0.001

≤high school

713

(67.6)

444

(62.3)

269

(37.7)

Regular exercise

≥3

148

(14.0)

96

(64.9)

52

(35.1)

0.726

(times per week)

<3

906

(86.0)

601

(66.3)

305

(33.7)

Smoking habit

Current

183

(17.4)

111

(60.7)

72

(39.3)

0.085

Never/former

871

(82.6)

586

(67.3)

285

(32.7)

Risky drinking^c

Yes

166

(15.7)

111

(66.9)

55

(33.1)

0.827

No

888

(84.3)

586

(66.0)

302

(34.0)

Body Mass Index (kg/m²)

<18.5

139

(13.1)

89

(64.0)

50

(36.0)

0.124

18.5 ~ 24.9

731

(69.4)

497

(68.0)

234

(32.0)

>25

184

(17.5)

111

(60.3)

73

(39.7)

Vitamin D

≥10

333

(31.6)

246

(73.9)

87

(26.1)

<0.001

(ng/mL)

<10

721

(68.4)

451

(62.6)

270

(37.4)