From: Evaluation of mercury exposure level, clinical diagnosis and treatment for mercury intoxication
Chemical name (common names, abbreviations) | Dose | Adverse effect | Elements chelated |
---|---|---|---|
2,3-bis(sulfanyl)butanedioic acid (Dimercaptosuccinic acid; DMSA; Succimer) | 10Â mg/kg (or 350Â mg/m2) q 8Â h for 5Â days, then 10Â mg/kg q 12Â h for 14Â days (a total of 19Â days), P.O. | Gastrointestinal disturbances, mild increase in serum transaminase | Lead, arsenic, mercury, cadmium, silver, tin, copper |
Sodium 2,3-bis(sulfanyl)propane-1-sulfonate (Sodium (Dimercaptopropanesulfonate; DMPS; Dimaval) | 5 mg/kg q 6–8 h, P.O., I.M.,I.V., SQ | Low back (kidney) pain, gastrointestinal disturbances, skin rash, fatigue, hypersensitivity reactions | Mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium, tin, silver, copper selenium, zinc, magnesium |
Children: 5-day courses of 200 or 400Â mg of DMPS per m2 surface area per day | |||
(2S)-2-amino-3-methyl-3-sulfanylbutanoic acid (3-Sulfanyl-D-valine; Penicillamine; D- Penicillamine) | 10Â mg/kg/d for 7Â days with a possibility of a prolonged treatment during 2 to 3Â weeks, P.O. | Interstitial nephritis, hypersensitivity reactions, gastrointestinal disturbances, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia | Copper, arsenic, zinc, mercury, lead |
2,3-bis(sulfanyl)propan-1-ol (Dimercaprol; British Anti-Lewisite; BAL) | 50–75 mg/m2 q 4 h for 5 days, deep I.M. | Allergy, gastrointestinal symptoms, tachycardia, fever, elevation of liver function tests | Arsenic, gold, mercury, lead (BAL in combination with) |