Table 3 Odds ratio of emphysema prevalence on chest films and HRCT

Group

LEG

1

MEG

1.66 (1.09-2.53)

2.92 (1.77-4.83)

1.69 (1.15-2.47)

2.56 (1.64-3.99)

Sex

Female

1

Male

3.08 (2.23-4.26)

2.38 (1.37-4.13)

3.34 (2.48-4.50)

2.49 (1.53-4.07)

Age

≤59

1

60–69

2.37 (1.38-4.08)

1.81 (0.96-3.40)

2.60 (1.58-4.27)

2.61 (1.47-4.62)

≥70

4.76 (2.90-7.81)

3.36 (1.79-6.31)

5.13 (3.25-8.09)

5.43 (3.04-9.69)

BMI

≥25.0

1

24.9–20.0

2.68 (1.76-4.07)

2.83 (1.82-4.40)

2.27 (1.60-3.21)

2.34 (1.61-3.39)

≤19.9

13.84 (8.27-23.12)

16.38 (9.11-29.45)

7.40 (4.60-11.9)

8.08 (4.70-13.88)

Residency period

≤24

1

≥25

2.88 (1.84-4.50)

2.50 (1.50-4.18)

1.75 (1.23-2.50)

1.32 (0.87-1.99)

Smoking

Never

1

≤29

2.00 (1.29-3.09)

1.66 (0.92-3.06)

2.15 (1.44-3.20)

1.68 (0.98-2.90)

≥30

4.18 (2.89-6.03)

3.05 (1.68-5.52)

4.62 (3.28-6.50)

2.93 (1.72-4.98)

Firewood

Not use

1

Use

1.63 (1.19-2.25)

1.26 (0.82-1.93)

1.46 (1.09-1.95)

1.24 (0.85-1.82)

Income

≥100

1

≤99

2.29 (1.54-3.41)

1.41 (0.84-2.36)

1.88 (1.33-2.64)

1.03 (0.65-1.62)