Table 2 Associations between general characteristics and prevalence of depressive symptoms by sex in older Koreans
Total N = 7,320 | Prevalence of depressive symptoms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | |||||
Total | % | p-valuea | Total | % | p-valuea | |
3178 | 4142 | |||||
Age (years) | ||||||
55–64 | 1376 | 11.6 | 0.582 | 1771 | 18.6 | 0.450 |
≥ 65 | 1802 | 10.9 | 2371 | 19.8 | ||
Educational status | ||||||
≤ Primary School | 1175 | 13.8 | 0.009 | 2850 | 19.9 | 0.507 |
Middle school | 593 | 11.2 | 560 | 17.4 | ||
High school | 885 | 10.1 | 561 | 18.4 | ||
≥ College | 525 | 7.0 | 171 | 15.9 | ||
Household income | ||||||
1Q (High) | 630 | 11.8 | 0.024 | 660 | 15.1 | < 0.001 |
2Q | 670 | 8.5 | 717 | 18.5 | ||
3Q | 872 | 10.2 | 1070 | 16.4 | ||
4Q (Low) | 1006 | 14.1 | 1695 | 23.0 | ||
Family members | ||||||
1 person | 187 | 19.2 | 0.003 | 771 | 23.0 | 0.018 |
≥ 2 persons | 2991 | 10.8 | 3371 | 18.5 | ||
General health status | ||||||
Excellent/Good | 1063 | 6.3 | < 0.001 | 959 | 12.0 | < 0.001 |
Fair/Bad | 2115 | 13.7 | 3183 | 21.4 | ||
Exercise Capacity | ||||||
Yes (Can) | 3148 | 111.1 | 0.025 | 4055 | 18.7 | < 0.001 |
No (Cannot) | 30 | 25.6 | 87 | 45.6 | ||
Daily life Capacity | ||||||
Yes (Can) | 3126 | 10.9 | < 0.001 | 4002 | 18.4 | < 0.001 |
No (Cannot) | 52 | 34.3 | 140 | 40.5 | ||
Sleep duration | ||||||
≤ 5 h | 573 | 15.8 | 0.003 | 1188 | 23.7 | < 0.001 |
6–8 h | 2314 | 9.8 | 2647 | 17.0 | ||
≥ 9 h | 291 | 14.4 | 307 | 20.2 | ||
Drinking | ||||||
< 2.5 Times | 1987 | 11.5 | 0.763 | 3949 | 19.3 | 0.698 |
≥ 2.5 Times | 1191 | 11.0 | 193 | 17.9 | ||
Smoking | ||||||
Current smoking | 911 | 12.9 | 0.181 | 136 | 29.2 | 0.230 |
Ex smoking | 1784 | 10.1 | 153 | 22.7 | ||
Non-smoking | 483 | 12.0 | 3853 | 18.7 | ||