Ambulatory heart rate of professional taxi drivers while driving without their typical psychosocial work stressors: a pilot study

Table 1 Physical hazards and ambulatory heart rate (HR_driving) and percent maximum heart rate range (PMHR_driving) while driving in the 13 male taxi drivers

Case	Physical hazards inside taxi cabs					Vehicle speed (km/h)	5-min HR_drving (bpm)				^cHR_rest(bpm)	^dHR_max(bpm)	5-min ^ePMHR_driving(%)
Case	Temperature (°C)	Relative Humidity (%)	Noise (dBA)	PM_2.5(μg/m³)	CO₂(ppm)	Vehicle speed (km/h)	# of 5-min HR values	Mean	Max.	Min.	^cHR_rest(bpm)	^dHR_max(bpm)	Mean
T01	24.1	38.8	72.2	16.7	1042.7	47.3	46	79.0	89.6	72.7	69 (50th)	189.4	8.3
T02	22.1	36.5	68.4	8.9	917.3	29.5	38	89.2	101.9	81.2	78 (75th)	185.9	11.9
T04	32.2	31.3	68.6	22.8	1522.3	44.7	20	74.7	85.1	63.4	61 (25th)	186.6	11.0
T06^a	24.3	53.4	70.5	33.1	684.1	32.4	22	73.7	80.4	70.7	68 (50th)	170.9	5.7
T09	28.4	32.5	68.2	14.8	1756.1	24.8	26	86.3	112.5	71.8	68 (50th)	173.6	19.9
T10	31.3	45.7	69.9	30.8	499.7	38.7	16	83.3	94.6	73.7	67 (50th)	159.9	14.6
T11	27.2	36.6	73.6	13.3	1661.5	69.2	35	79.5	86.9	72.0	68 (50th)	177	9.0
T13	25.5	61.1	68.9	21.2	1971.3	37.8	32	69.3	74.1	65.7	61 (25th)	166.8	7.5
T14	26.4	42.3	73.2	32.8	1139.8	48.6	16	70.0	80.7	63.4	61 (25th)	183.9	8.3
T15	27.6	26.3	69.4	14.8	2499.3	38.2	22	86.3	94.1	81.6	77 (75th)	168.1	10.0
T16	24.5	36.7	70.2	19.6	832.9	52.5	28	86.2	102.7	78.6	77 (75th)	168.8	9.8
T17	26.6	32.2	61.4	21.3	769.3	23.2	17	90.3	98.3	84.0	78 (75th)	186.6	13.8
T22^b	23.1	55.2	70.7	28.6	1176.3	51.1	26	78.0	88.4	71.8	68 (50th)	175.7	9.5
Mean	26.4	40.7	69.7	21.5	1267.1	41.4	26.5	80.5	91.5	73.1	69.3	176.4	10.7
SD	3.0	10.4	3.0	7.9	580.0	12.7	9.2	7.1	10.6	6.7	6.4	9.4	3.7

Age [mean (range)]: 42.9 (24–67) years. Driving career [mean ± SD]: 7.4 ± 5.4 years. bpm beats per minute, Max maximum, Min minimum, SD standard deviation. ^aHypertensive without taking anti-hypertensive medication. ^bHypertensive under treatment with anti-hypertensive medication. ^cHR_rest: the age-and gender(male)-specific 25th, 50th or 75th HR_rest percentile in the US adult population reference data from the 1999–2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys [33]. ^dHR_max: based on the equation, 205.8 − (0.685 × age). ^e \( {\mathrm{PMHR}}_{\mathrm{driving}}=\frac{\left({\mathrm{HR}}_{\mathrm{drving}} - {\mathrm{HR}}_{\mathrm{rest}}\right)}{\Big({\mathrm{HR}}_{\max } - {\mathrm{HR}}_{\mathrm{rest}\Big)}} \times 100 \)

ISSN: 2052-4374