Table 2 Associations of general characteristics, occupational characteristics, and workplace violence with respect to sleep disturbance
Sleep disturbance | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No | % | Yes | % | Total | % | p-valuea | ||
Total | 24536 | 97.6 % | 602 | 2.4 % | 25138 | 100.0 % | ||
Sex | Male | 12931 | 97.9 % | 282 | 2.1 % | 13214 | 52.6 % | 0.004 |
Female | 11604 | 97.3 % | 320 | 2.7 % | 11924 | 47.4 % | ||
Age | <30 | 3424 | 97.4 % | 92 | 2.6 % | 3516 | 14.0 % | 0.037 |
30–39 | 6723 | 98.1 % | 133 | 1.9 % | 6856 | 27.3 % | ||
40–49 | 7170 | 97.4 % | 194 | 2.6 % | 7365 | 29.3 % | ||
50–59 | 4718 | 97.7 % | 112 | 2.3 % | 4831 | 19.2 % | ||
≥60 | 2500 | 97.2 % | 71 | 2.8 % | 2570 | 10.2 % | ||
Education | Middle school or below | 2460 | 97.2 % | 71 | 2.8 % | 2530 | 10.1 % | 0.226 |
High school | 8781 | 97.8 % | 200 | 2.2 % | 8981 | 35.7 % | ||
College or above | 13295 | 97.6 % | 331 | 2.4 % | 13626 | 54.2 % | ||
Income (10 thousands) | <100 | 2489 | 97.4 % | 66 | 2.6 % | 2555 | 10.2 % | 0.435 |
100–199 | 8326 | 97.6 % | 201 | 2.4 % | 8526 | 33.9 % | ||
200–299 | 7433 | 97.8 % | 168 | 2.2 % | 7601 | 30.2 % | ||
≥300 | 6288 | 97.4 % | 168 | 2.6 % | 6456 | 25.7 % | ||
Job type | Blue collar | 7334 | 97.8 % | 165 | 2.2 % | 7499 | 29.8 % | 0.320 |
Service | 5687 | 97.6 % | 138 | 2.4 % | 5825 | 23.2 % | ||
White collar | 11514 | 97.5 % | 300 | 2.5 % | 11814 | 47.0 % | ||
Type of employment | Regular | 19251 | 97.6 % | 483 | 2.4 % | 19734 | 78.5 % | 0.296 |
Temporary | 5285 | 97.8 % | 119 | 2.2 % | 5404 | 21.5 % | ||
Number of employees | <5 | 4475 | 98.2 % | 81 | 1.8 % | 4556 | 18.1 % | 0.001 |
5–49 | 13060 | 97.7 % | 314 | 2.3 % | 13374 | 53.2 % | ||
50–299 | 4817 | 97.0 % | 148 | 3.0 % | 4965 | 19.7 % | ||
≥300 | 2183 | 97.3 % | 60 | 2.7 % | 2243 | 8.9 % | ||
Working time | ≤40 | 12973 | 98.0 % | 267 | 2.0 % | 13240 | 52.7 % | <0.001 |
41–52 | 7342 | 97.2 % | 210 | 2.8 % | 7552 | 30.0 % | ||
53–60 | 3029 | 97.9 % | 64 | 2.1 % | 3093 | 12.3 % | ||
≥61 | 1192 | 95.1 % | 61 | 4.9 % | 1253 | 5.0 % | ||
Shift work | No | 22180 | 97.8 % | 501 | 2.2 % | 22682 | 90.2 % | <0.001 |
Yes | 2355 | 95.9 % | 101 | 4.1 % | 2456 | 9.8 % | ||
Emotional labor | No | 18267 | 97.9 % | 387 | 2.1 % | 18654 | 74.2 % | <0.001 |
Yes | 6268 | 96.7 % | 215 | 3.3 % | 6483 | 25.8 % | ||
Physical risk factors | No | 15311 | 97.6 % | 373 | 2.4 % | 15684 | 62.4 % | 0.824 |
Yes | 9224 | 97.6 % | 229 | 2.4 % | 9454 | 37.6 % | ||
Biochemical risk factors | No | 19029 | 97.7 % | 457 | 2.3 % | 19486 | 77.5 % | 0.340 |
Yes | 5507 | 97.4 % | 145 | 2.6 % | 5652 | 22.5 % | ||
Ergonomic risk factors | No | 4706 | 98.3 % | 79 | 1.7 % | 4785 | 19.0 % | <0.001 |
Yes | 19830 | 97.4 % | 523 | 2.6 % | 20353 | 81.0 % | ||
Job demand | Low | 15296 | 97.9 % | 329 | 2.1 % | 15625 | 62.2 % | <0.001 |
High | 9240 | 97.1 % | 273 | 2.9 % | 9513 | 37.8 % | ||
Insufficient job control | Low | 13246 | 97.8 % | 300 | 2.2 % | 13546 | 53.9 % | 0.043 |
High | 11290 | 97.4 % | 302 | 2.6 % | 11592 | 46.1 % | ||
Inadequate social support | Low | 15329 | 98.2 % | 276 | 1.8 % | 15605 | 62.1 % | <0.001 |
High | 9207 | 96.6 % | 326 | 3.4 % | 9533 | 37.9 % | ||
Job insecurity | Low | 15432 | 98.1 % | 294 | 1.9 % | 15726 | 62.6 % | <0.001 |
High | 9103 | 96.7 % | 308 | 3.3 % | 9412 | 37.4 % | ||
Lack of reward | Low | 19278 | 97.7 % | 452 | 2.3 % | 19730 | 78.5 % | 0.040 |
High | 5258 | 97.2 % | 150 | 2.8 % | 5408 | 21.5 % | ||
Workplace Violence | No | 23158 | 98.0 % | 469 | 2.0 % | 23627 | 94.0 | <0.001 |
Yes | 1377 | 91.2 % | 133 | 8.8 % | 1510 | 6.0 | ||
Perpetrators | None | 23158 | 98.0 % | 469 | 2.0 % | 23627 | 94.0 % | <0.001 |
Client | 977 | 92.9 % | 74 | 7.1 % | 1052 | 4.2 % | ||
Coleague | 400 | 87.2 % | 59 | 12.8 % | 459 | 1.8 % | ||