From: Hazards and health problems in occupations dominated by aged workers in South Korea
Occupation, Korean Standard Classification of Occupations (No. of minor category) | Vibration | Noise | High temperature | Low temperature | Fumes and dust | Solvents | Skin contact with chemicals | Passive smoking | Tiring or painful positions | Lifting or moving people | Carrying or moving heavy loads | Standing long | Repetitive movements |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cleaner and Sanitation Workers (941) | 6.1 | 4.4 | 28.3 | 15.0 | 17.9 | 2.1 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 43.9 | 3.4 | 20.8 | 66.1 | 68.1 |
Guards and Ticket Examiners (942) | 1.8 | 2.5 | 13.9 | 8.7 | 4.8 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 3.0 | 18.3 | 4.4 | 12.2 | 28.1 | 19.9 |
Automobile Drivers (873) | 32.0 | 11.5 | 12.7 | 8.2 | 22.6 | 3.0 | 1.9 | 5.9 | 53.7 | 7.8 | 14.5 | 13.5 | 70.6 |
Elementary Occupations Related to Food(952) | 6.1 | 7.9 | 21.2 | 7.3 | 3.7 | 1.2 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 46.7 | 5.5 | 23.6 | 72.4 | 67.9 |
Clerks Related to Administration (312) | 10.5 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 3.4 | 4.4 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 13.6 | 4.4 | 7.8 | 15.0 | 30.4 |
Service Workers Related to Medical and Welfare (421) | 4.0 | 1.8 | 7.1 | 4.9 | 2.2 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 30.9 | 42.0 | 15.6 | 30.8 | 40.5 |
Elementary Occupations Related to Construction and Mining (910) | 47.8 | 40.2 | 53.7 | 25.5 | 50.2 | 8.5 | 6.4 | 18.3 | 67.9 | 8.5 | 72.2 | 83.8 | 69.8 |
Domestic Chores and Infant Rearing Helpers (951) | 1.7 | 2.2 | 5.6 | 5.0 | 1.1 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.1 | 34.8 | 32.6 | 8.4 | 21.7 | 35.6 |
Chefs and Cooks (441) | 8.3 | 9.2 | 30.7 | 8.9 | 7.6 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 47.5 | 7.0 | 24.1 | 84.2 | 71.2 |
Elementary Occupations related to Agriculture and Fishery (991) | 6.9 | 4.6 | 40.0 | 13.1 | 14.6 | 1.5 | 2.3 | 0.8 | 66.4 | 3.8 | 29.0 | 41.9 | 78.5 |
Elementary Occupations Related to Production (930) | 36.4 | 25.6 | 25.6 | 10.1 | 21.7 | 7.8 | 7.0 | 3.1 | 56.6 | 6.3 | 32.0 | 50.4 | 85.2 |
Technical Worker Related to Construction (772) | 61.3 | 45.1 | 48.6 | 23.2 | 51.4 | 10.6 | 5.7 | 24.1 | 65.3 | 6.3 | 58.2 | 88.0 | 83.8 |
Elementary Occupations Related to Other Services (999) | 7.9 | 7.9 | 11.1 | 7.9 | 12.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.4 | 30.7 | 1.6 | 7.9 | 65.1 | 49.2 |
Store Sales Workers (521) | 3.8 | 6.9 | 8.8 | 9.3 | 5.6 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 1.9 | 42.6 | 7.5 | 24.2 | 71.6 | 55.9 |
Technical Workers Related to Construction Finishing (773) | 42.0 | 36.0 | 46.0 | 22.0 | 50.0 | 31.0 | 28.3 | 27.0 | 61.0 | 14.0 | 52.0 | 70.0 | 76.0 |
Sales Workers (510) | 2.1 | 2.0 | 4.8 | 3.4 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 9.6 | 0.0 | 4.1 | 21.2 | 21.9 |
Administration Clerks (311) | 4.0 | 4.0 | 9.1 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 15.8 | 2.6 | 6.6 | 13.2 | 38.2 |
Religious Professionals and Associate Professionals (248) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 9.1 | 0.0 | 4.6 | 36.4 | 27.3 |
Deliverers (922) | 12.3 | 7.0 | 26.3 | 10.5 | 7.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.5 | 38.6 | 0.0 | 63.2 | 56.1 | 52.6 |
Teachers (252) | 8.2 | 8.2 | 9.8 | 4.9 | 9.8 | 0.0 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 19.7 | 5.0 | 3.3 | 88.5 | 57.4 |
Workers 55 or older (total) | 17.3 | 13.0 | 22.9 | 11.6 | 16.0 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 38.4 | 7.4 | 23.4 | 50.7 | 55.9 |
Workers younger than 55 (total) | 14.6 | 11.0 | 11.5 | 6.9 | 8.8 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 27.9 | 5.1 | 15.7 | 41.9 | 49.9 |
P-value# | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 |