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Table 4 Univariate analysis of the relationship between HOMA index and urine arsenobetaine

From: Association of arsenobetaine with beta-cell function assessed by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) in nondiabetic Koreans: data from the fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2008-2009

Urine arsenobetaine (μg/g_cr)

Total

Male

Female

Number

HOMA-β (%)

p valuea

Post hocb

HOMA-IR

p value

Number

HOMA-β (%)

p value

Post hoc

HOMA-IR

p value

Number

HOMA-β (%)

p value

HOMA-IR

p value

1st quartile (Undetectable-16.36)

92

135.97 ± 68.01c

<0.01

Reference

2.24 ± 1.00

0.41

35

143.74 ± 79.33

<0.01

Reference

2.50 ± 1.27

0.146

57

131.2 ± 60.29

0.064

2.09 ± 0.76

0.966

2nd quartile (16.91–70.70)

92

132.12 ± 60.6

 

1.000

2.04 ± 0.90

 

34

112.46 ± 49.85

 

0.146

1.99 ± 0.89

 

58

143.64 ± 63.7

 

2.08 ± 0.91

 

3rd quartile (71.57–321.71)

92

110.76 ± 48.41

 

<0.05

2.05 ± 0.97

 

58

109.19 ± 53.81

 

<0.05

2.04 ± 0.90

 

34

113.97 ± 38.01

 

2.08 ± 0.87

 

4th quartile (324.19–2620.78)

93

111.76 ± 48.34

 

<0.05

2.18 ± 0.94

 

47

102.29 ± 45.38

 

<0.01

2.16 ± 1.04

 

46

121.44 ± 49.84

 

2.15 ± 0.85

 
  1. a p values are calculated with ANOVA
  2. bPost hoc by Bonferroni test
  3. cValues are presented as arithmetic mean ± standard deviation