The relationship between urinary BTEX metabolites and residence setting among Korean homemakers: the first Korea National Environmental Health Survey (2009–2011)

Table 1 Demographic distributions and geometric mean concentrations of urinary BTEX metabolites

	N (%)	t,t-Muconic acid (μg/g Cr ± SE)	Hippuric acid (g/g Cr ± SE)	Mandelic acid (mg/g Cr ± SE)	Phenylglyoxylic acid (mg/g Cr ± SE)	Methylhippuric acid (mg/g Cr ± SE)
Total	893 (100)	46.80 ± 2.48	0.25 ± 0.01	0.25 ± 0.01	0.26 ± 0.01	0.30 ± 0.27
Age
19–29	34 (3.8)	38.72 ± 10.07	0.16 ± 0.07	0.21 ± 0.02	0.25 ± 0.04	0.23 ± 0.10
30–39	221 (24.7)	51.92 ± 5.60	0.21 ± 0.01	0.23 ± 0.01	0.22 ± 0.01	0.31 ± 0.05
40–49	173 (19.4)	51.73 ± 5.47	0.27 ± 0.03	0.25 ± 0.01	0.24 ± 0.01	0.27 ± 0.05
50–59	243 (27.2)	46.49 ± 5.13	0.26 ± 0.02	0.26 ± 0.01	0.28 ± 0.01	0.31 ± 0.05
60–69	177 (19.8)	38.66 ± 4.36	0.27 ± 0.02	0.28 ± 0.02	0.32 ± 0.02	0.34 ± 0.07
≥ 70	45 (5.0)	48.49 ± 9.39	0.33 ± 0.04	0.26 ± 0.03	0.30 ± 0.02	0.29 ± 0.12
p-value		0.009	<0.001	0.001	<0.001	0.319
BMI (kg/m²)
< 25	580 (64.9)	45.13 ± 3.00	0.25 ± 0.01	0.25 ± 0.01	0.26 ± 0.01	0.30 ± 0.03
≥ 25	313 (35.1)	50.06 ± 4.37	0.24 ± 002	0.25 ± 0.01	0.28 ± 0.01	0.31 ± 0.04
p-value		0.094	0.462	0.936	0.090	0.631
Monthly household income (million won)
< 1.5	247 (27.7)	46.68 ± 4.55	0.25 ± 0.02	0.26 ± 0.01	0.31 ± 0.01	0.27 ± 0.05
1.5–2.5	225 (25.2)	44.68 ± 4.60	0.24 ± 0.02	0.25 ± 0.01	0.26 ± 0.01	0.33 ± 0.06
2.5–4	271 (30.3)	51.11 ± 4.92	0.25 ± 0.02	0.25 ± 0.01	0.24 ± 0.01	0.30 ± 0.04
≥ 4	150 (16.8)	42.97 ± 5.90	0.27 ± 0.02	0.25 ± 0.01	0.25 ± 0.01	0.32 ± 0.07
p-value		0.192	0.600	0.585	<0.001	0.316

ISSN: 2052-4374