The relationship between urinary BTEX metabolites and residence setting among Korean homemakers: the first Korea National Environmental Health Survey (2009–2011)

Oh, Hyoun Ho; Park, Hyungkyu; Kim, Dae Hwan; Son, Byung-Chul; Lee, Chae-Kwan; Kim, Kunhyung; Ryu, Ji Young

doi:10.1186/s40557-017-0189-5

Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Table 2 Geometric mean concentrations of urinary BTEX metabolites by housing characteristics

From: The relationship between urinary BTEX metabolites and residence setting among Korean homemakers: the first Korea National Environmental Health Survey (2009–2011)

			t,t-Muconic acid (μg/g Cr ± SE)		Hippuric acid (g/g Cr ± SE)		Mandelic acid (mg/g Cr ± SE)		Phenylglyoxylic acid (mg/g Cr ± SE)		Methylhippuric acid (mg/g Cr ± SE)
Variable	Category	N (%)	Crude	Adjusted^*	Crude	Adjusted^*	Crude	Adjusted^*	Crude	Adjusted^*	Crude	Adjusted^*
Type of residence	Detached	214 (24.0)	45.93 ± 5.31	46.85 ± 0.06	0.25 ± 0.02	0.24 ± 0.06	0.27 ± 0.01	0.26 ± 0.04	0.29 ± 0.01	0.28 ± 0.04	0.34 ± 0.05	0.32 ± 0.08
	Multiplex or apartment	679 (76.0)	47.08 ± 2.80	46.81 ± 0.03	0.25 ± 0.01	0.25 ± 0.03	0.25 ± 0.01	0.25 ± 0.02	0.25 ± 0.01	0.26 ± 0.02	0.30 ± 0.03	0.30 ± 0.04
	p-value		0.729	0.991	0.734	0.580	0.018	0.173	0.002	0.179	0.235	0.332
Age of building (years)	≤5	53 (5.9)	54.71 ± 8.02	52.09 ± 0.12	0.21 ± 0.03	0.24 ± 0.12	0.26 ± 0.02	0.28 ± 0.08	0.24 ± 0.03	0.25 ± 0.08	0.40 ± 0.08	0.43 ± 0.15
	6–10	175 (19.6)	46.80 ± 6.02	46.57 ± 0.07	0.23 ± 0.02	0.23 ± 0.07	0.25 ± 0.01	0.25 ± 0.04	0.26 ± 0.02	0.27 ± 0.04	0.23 ± 0.04	0.23 ± 0.09
	11–15	175 (19.6)	43.34 ± 5.29	43.16 ± 0.07	0.25 ± 0.02	0.25 ± 0.07	0.25 ± 0.01	0.26 ± 0.04	0.24 ± 0.01	0.25 ± 0.04	0.33 ± 0.06	0.33 ± 0.08
	16–20	197 (22.1)	48.09 ± 5.17	47.80 ± 0.06	0.26 ± 0.02	0.27 ± 0.06	0.25 ± 0.01	0.25 ± 0.04	0.28 ± 0.01	0.28 ± 0.04	0.30 ± 0.06	0.30 ± 0.08
	≥21	293 (32.8)	46.77 ± 4.49	47.66 ± 0.05	0.25 ± 0.02	0.24 ± 0.05	0.25 ± 0.01	0.24 ± 0.03	0.27 ± 0.01	0.26 ± 0.03	0.32 ± 0.06	0.32 ± 0.07
	p-value		0.528	0.645	0.463	0.593	0.985	0.582	0.062	0.175	0.003	0.001
Distance from major road (meters)	≤100	414 (46.4)	46.91 ± 3.24	46.62 ± 0.04	0.24 ± 0.02	0.24 ± 0.04	0.25 ± 0.01	0.25 ± 0.03	0.25 ± 0.01	0.26 ± 0.03	0.32 ± 0.04	0.32 ± 0.06
	>100	479 (53.6)	46.71 ± 3.55	46.99 ± 0.04	0.25 ± 0.01	0.25 ± 0.04	0.25 ± 0.01	0.25 ± 0.03	0.27 ± 0.01	0.27 ± 0.03	0.29 ± 0.04	0.29 ± 0.05
	p-value		0.944	0.890	0.494	0.754	0.918	0.827	0.087	0.191	0.168	0.143
Recent remodeling (6 month)	No	779 (87.2)	46.91 ± 3.24	45.47 ± 0.03	0.24 ± 0.02	0.25 ± 0.03	0.25 ± 0.01	0.25 ± 0.02	0.25 ± 0.01	0.27 ± 0.02	0.32 ± 0.04	0.29 ± 0.04
	Yes	114 (12.8)	56.56 ± 7.67	56.88 ± 1.09	0.24 ± 0.02	0.24 ± 0.08	0.25 ± 0.01	0.24 ± 0.05	0.26 ± 0.02	0.25 ± 0.05	0.37 ± 0.11	0.37 ± 0.10
	p-value		0.018	0.011	0.739	0.699	0.642	0.590	0.518	0.459	0.059	0.046

*Estimated geometric means and p-values were calculated by ANCOVA and adjusted for age, BMI, and monthly income
Abbreviation: SE standard error

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