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Table 2 Comparisons of pure tone audiometry threshold according to insomnia

From: Insomnia and hearing impairment among occupational noise exposed male workers

Frequency

Mean ± SD

p-value*

p-value

Non insomnia

(N = 716)

Insomnia

(N = 93)

Left ear

 1 kHz

14.5 ± 9.8

17.7 ± 12.6

0.068

0.026

 2 kHz

17.7 ± 12.6

19.8 ± 14.9

0.139

0.191

 3 kHz

27.2 ± 19.2

29.5 ± 19.3

0.271

0.342

 4 kHz

33.8 ± 21.2

36.5 ± 20.4

0.242

0.351

Right ear

 1 kHz

13.4 ± 9.0

17.9 ± 15.4

0.007

0.001

 2 kHz

15.1 ± 10.8

18.5 ± 14.2

0.028

0.004

 3 kHz

25.5 ± 17.9

28.1 ± 18.5

0.190

0.256

 4 kHz

32.4 ± 20.9

35.6 ± 22.0

0.174

0.255

  1. * p-value was calculated by Student t-test
  2. p-value was calculated by analysis of covariance and adjusted for age, working period, noise level, snoring, protection device use, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol and waist circumference