The association between cadmium and lead exposure and blood pressure among workers of a smelting industry: a cross-sectional study

Table 2 Relationship between blood pressure and independent variable

Variables	β coefficient (Standardized β coefficient)	95% CI	R²	p-value
Systolic blood pressure
Per doubling of blood cadmium^a	2.310 (0.166)	0.727–3.893	0.028	0.004 ^†
Per doubling of blood lead^a	0.344 (0.019)	- 1.715 – 2.403	0.000	0.742
Diastolic blood pressure
Per doubling of blood cadmium^a	2.067 (0.187)	0.814–3.319	0.035	0.001 ^†
Per doubling of blood lead^a	- 0.300 (− 0.021)	- 1.936 – 1.335	0.000	0.718

p - value was calculated by simple linear regression analysis. ^alogarithm (base 2) transformation of blood cadmium or lead concentration. Those who were taking antihypertensive drugs were excluded. ^† p < 0.05