Skip to main content

Table 4 Adjusted odds ratios for exceeding the third quartile of each urinary PAH metabolite by residence characteristics

From: Relationship between residence characteristics and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure in housewives: second Korean National Environmental Health Survey (2012–2014)

Category

2-Naphthol ORa (95% CI)

2-Hydroxyfluorene ORa (95% CI)

1-Hydroxyphenanthrene ORa (95% CI)

1-Hydroxypyrene ORa (95% CI)

Type of heating fuel

 Gas

1

1

1

1

 Oil

1.515 (0.979–2.343)

0.865 (0.543–1.378)

0.734 (0.458–1.175)

1.145 (0.721–1.820)

 Coal/briquette/wood

0.668 (0.289–1.543)

1.504 (0.707–3.200)

1.136 (0.530–2.435)

2.745 (1.295–5.819)

 Electric fuel/cogeneration

0.962 (0.530–1.745)

0.465 (0.228–0.946)

0.918 (0.507–1.660)

0.884 (0.469–1.668)

Type of residence

 Apartment

1

1

1

1

 Multiplex

1.250 (0.840–1.862)

1.447 (0.984–2.128)

1.439 (0.967–2.142)

1.203 (0.808–1.793)

 Detached

1.290 (0.872–1.908)

1.206 (0.809–1.796)

1.515 (1.023–2.243)

0.997 (0.664–1.497)

Age of building

  ≤ 10 yrs

1

1

1

1

 10–19 yrs

1.213 (0.748–1.968)

0.942 (0.590–1.505)

0.912 (0.563–1.477)

1.329 (0.807–2.189)

 20–29 yrs

1.029 (0.637–1.662)

1.039 (0.657–1.642)

0.996 (0.623–1.594)

1.247 (0.762–2.043)

  > 30 yrs

1.517 (0.901–2.553)

1.485 (0.895–2.465)

1.139 (0.679–1.913)

1.631 (0.951–2.798)

Distance from major road

  ≥ 100 m

1

1

1

1

  < 100 m

1.108 (0.848–1.447)

1.270 (0.971–1.660)

1.213 (0.925–1.590)

0.965 (0.737–1.264)

  1. aAdjusted by age, passive smoking