Table 2 General and occupational characteristics of study subjects by sleep quality
From: Factors related with quality on sleep of daytime workers
Variables | PSQI scorea | Sleep quality | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | p-valueb | Good | Poor | ||
n (%) | n (%) | p-valuec | |||
Age (in years) | 0.059 | 0.005 | |||
< 30 | 4.81 ± 2.53 | 66 (62.9) | 39 (37.1) | ||
30–39 | 4.60 ± 2.25 | 173 (71.2) | 70 (28.8) | ||
40–49 | 4.24 ± 1.95 | 114 (79.7) | 29 (20.3) | ||
≧50 | 4.04 ± 2.11 | 59 (83.1) | 12 (16.9) | ||
Sex | 0.003 | 0.082 | |||
Male | 4.40 ± 2.18 | 386 (74.2) | 134 (25.8) | ||
Female | 5.48 ± 2.57 | 26 (62.9) | 16 (38.1) | ||
Working period (years) | 0.219 | 0.610 | |||
≦5 | 4.33 ± 2.02 | 79 (71.8) | 31 (28.2) | ||
6–10 | 4.67 ± 2.48 | 54 (68.4) | 25 (31.6) | ||
11–15 | 5.05 ± 2.59 | 48 (64.0) | 27 (36.0) | ||
≧16 | 4.56 ± 2.15 | 29 (74.4) | 10 (25.6) | ||
Work type | 0.463 | 0.290 | |||
Blue-collar | 4.52 ± 2.34 | 203 (71.0) | 83 (29.0) | ||
Office worker | 4.31 ± 2.05 | 113 (77.9) | 32 (22.1) | ||
Researcher | 4.65 ± 2.06 | 71 (74.7) | 24 (25.3) | ||
Smoking | 0.428 | 0.881 | |||
Non-smoker | 4.56 ± 2.36 | 174 (73.1) | 64 (26.9) | ||
Ex-smoker | 4.26 ± 2.00 | 97 (74.6) | 33 (25.4) | ||
Current-smoker | 4.55 ± 2.25 | 113 (72.0) | 44 (28.0) | ||
Alcohol drinking | 0.145 | 0.593 | |||
Non-drinker | 4.37 ± 2.21 | 47 (75.8) | 15 (24.2) | ||
1/week | 4.42 ± 2.14 | 194 (74.3) | 67 (25.7) | ||
Over 2/week | 4.94 ± 2.25 | 142 (70.6) | 59 (29.4) | ||
Exercise | 0.437 | 0.266 | |||
No | 4.54 ± 2.23 | 251 (74.7) | 85 (25.3) | ||
Yes | 4.38 ± 2.27 | 132 (70.2) | 56 (29.8) | ||
BMI (kg/m2)d | 0.081 | 0.021 | |||
< 23 | 4.25 ± 2.06 | 139 (79.9) | 35 (20.1) | ||
23–25 | 4.35 ± 2.07 | 125 (74.9) | 42 (25.1) | ||
25–30 | 4.73 ± 2.37 | 133 (67.5) | 64 (32.5) | ||
≧30 | 5.14 ± 3.01 | 13 (59.1) | 9 (40.9) | ||
Metabolic syndrome | 0.135 | 0.415 | |||
No | 4.43 ± 2.16 | 358 (73.8) | 127 (26.2) | ||
Yes | 4.84 ± 2.59 | 52 (69.3) | 23 (30.7) | ||
Musculoskeletal pain | 0.000 | 0.000 | |||
No | 4.32 ± 2.15 | 347 (76.8) | 105 (23.2) | ||
Yes | 5.50 ± 2.31 | 40 (54.1) | 34 (45.9) | ||