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Table 2 General and occupational characteristics of male subjects associated with the work-related musculoskeletal symptoms

From: The association between long working hours and work-related musculoskeletal symptoms of Korean wage workers: data from the fourth Korean working conditions survey (a cross-sectional study)

Characteristics

Upper limb pain

p-value*

Lower limb pain

p-value*

No(%)

Yes(%)

No(%)

Yes(%)

Total

9493(73.6)

3400(26.4)

 

10,782(83.6)

2111(16.4)

 

Age (years)

 20–29

1356(84.6)

246(15.4)

< 0.001

1461(91.2)

141(8.8)

< 0.001

 30–39

2813(77.8)

804(22.2)

 

3199(88.4)

418(11.6)

 

 40–49

2623(73.2)

960(26.8)

 

3024(84.4)

559(15.6)

 

 50–59

1734(66.5)

872(33.5)

 

2008(77.1)

598(22.9)

 

  ≥ 60

967(65.1)

518(34.9)

 

1090(73.4)

395(26.6)

 

Education

 Middle school graduate or below

674(54.5)

563(45.5)

< 0.001

797(64.4)

440(35.6)

< 0.001

 High school graduate

3153(67.9)

1489(32.1)

 

3684(79.4)

958(20.6)

 

 College graduate or above

5666(80.8)

1348(19.2)

 

6301(89.9)

713(10.2)

 

Monthly income (KRW)

  < 1,300,000

1089(72.5)

413(27.5)

< 0.001

1170(77.9)

332(22.1)

< 0.001

 1,300,000-1,999,000

1576(69.5)

692(30.5)

 

1790(78.9)

478(21.1)

 

 2,000,000-2,999,000

3183(71.6)

1261(28.4)

 

3707(83.4)

737(16.6)

 

  ≥ 3,000,000

3645(77.9)

1034(22.1)

 

4115(87.9)

564(12.1)

 

Occupation

 Managers or Professionals

1031(83.1)

209(16.9)

< 0.001

1142(92.1)

98(7.9)

< 0.001

 Office workers

2981(84.7)

537(15.3)

 

3302(93.9)

216(6.1)

 

 Technicians

2731(64.8)

1486(35.2)

 

3255(77.2)

962(22.8)

 

 Service or Sales workers

1627(80.8)

386(19.2)

 

1752(87.0)

261(13.0)

 

 Manual workers

1123(59.0)

782(41.0)

 

1331(69.9)

574(30.1)

 

Employment status

 Regular

7874(75.7)

2521(24.3)

< 0.001

8954(86.1)

1441(13.9)

< 0.001

 Temporary or Day labor

1619(64.8)

879(35.2)

 

1828(73.2)

670(26.8)

 

Shift work

 No

8340(74.3)

2890(25.7)

< 0.001

9475(84.4)

1755(15.6)

< 0.001

 Yes

1153(69.3)

510(30.7)

 

1307(78.6)

356(21.4)

 

Number of employees

  < 50

6134(72.1)

2375(27.9)

< 0.001

6976(82.0)

1533(18.0)

< 0.001

 50–299

2082(75.3)

684(24.7)

 

2373(85.8)

393(14.2)

 

  ≥ 300

1277(78.9)

341(21.1)

 

1433(88.6)

185(11.4)

 

Working motion or posture

Lifting or carrying people

 No

5605(73.8)

1990(26.2)

0.054

6364(83.8)

1231(16.2)

0.192

 Yes

3888(73.4)

1410(26.6)

 

4418(83.4)

880(16.6)

 

Carrying heavy loads

 No

3215(84.0)

614(16.0)

< 0.001

3503(91.5)

326(8.5)

< 0.001

 Yes

6278(69.3)

2786(30.7)

 

7279(80.3)

1785(19.7)

 

Standing continuously

 No

1935(84.1)

365(15.9)

< 0.001

2093(91.0)

207(9.0)

< 0.001

 Yes

7558(71.3)

3035(28.7)

 

8689(82.0)

1904(18.0)

 

Repetitive movement

 No

1789(88.4)

235(11.6)

< 0.001

1884(93.1)

140(6.9)

< 0.001

 Yes

7704(70.9)

3165(29.1)

 

8898(81.9)

1971(18.1)

 

Computer work

 No

2381(61.6)

1484(38.4)

< 0.001

2817(72.9)

1048(27.1)

< 0.001

 Yes

7112(78.8)

1916(21.2)

 

7965(88.2)

1063(11.8)

 

Job stress

 Low

2307(76.4)

713(23.6)

< 0.001

2550(84.4)

470(15.6)

< 0.001

 High

7115(72.8)

2657(27.2)

 

8150(83.4)

1622(16.6)

 

  No response

71(70.3)

30(29.7)

 

82(81.2)

19(18.8)

 

Social support

 High

8286(74.2)

2877(25.8)

< 0.001

9435(84.5)

1728(15.5)

< 0.001

 Low

835(67.9)

395(32.1)

 

947(77.0)

283(23.0)

 

 No response

372(74.4)

128(25.6)

 

400(80.0)

100(20.0)

 
  1. *calculated by chi-square test