Table 6 Examples of occupational disease from each country that are not included in the ILO’s List of Occupational Diseases R194

Chemical agents

Phenol derivatives (Austria, Belgium, China, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Finland, Romania, Swiss, Turkey, France)

Carcinogenic agents

Aflatoxins (Denmark, Finland), Aliphatic aromatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons (Finland), lead (Denmark), trichloroethylene (Denmark), benzidine dye (France), ortho-toluidine (France), anticancer drugs (Finland), Aluminum production process (Denmark), 4-nitrodiphenyls (Canada, Japan), trichloroethylene (Denmark), tetrachloroethylene (Denmark), 2,3,7,8,-TCDD (Denmark), silica (German, United Kingdom, Romania, Taiwan), formaldehyde (Denmark, Malaysia, Taiwan), lead (Denmark, Saudi Arabia), leather (Ireland, Italy, Saudi Arabia, United Kingdom), iron mining with radon exposure (Denmark)

Biological agents

Rickettsia (United Kingdom, Russia, Philippines, Mexico, Nicaragua, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Austria), Streptococcus (Algeria, Angola, France, Mexico, Portugal, Romania, Saudi Arabia, United Kingdom, New Zealand, Hong Kong), Thermophilic actinomycetes (Bulgaria, El Salvador, France, Ireland, Italy, Mexico, Romania, United Kingdom), Malaria (Turkey, Swiss, Spain, Portugal, Philippine, Nicaragua, Mexico, Ireland Finland, Belgium, Angola), ameba (Algeria, Angola, France, Hungary, Nicaragua, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Turkey)

Skin disorders

Onychodystrophy by humidity (Romania, Colombia, Mexico), dermatitis by sunlight (Costa Rica), scleroderma by silica or solvents (Canada, Bulgaria)

Cardio-cerebro-vascular disorders

Ischemic heart disease by increased strain and other physical and neuropsychological burdens (Romania, Korea), myocardial infarction, dissection aneurysm, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and cerebral hemorrhage by psychological stress (Korea, Japan), sudden death by severe psychological stress (Korea, Japan), hypertension by neuropsychological stress (Romania), cardiovascular disorder by psychological stress (Philippines)

Mental, behavioral disorders

Neurosis by long-term direct service to people (Russia, Romania, Mexico)

Disorders of the digestive system

Peptic ulcer and intestinal hernia by psychological stress (Philippines)

Congenital disorders

Congenital viral infection, hydrocephalus, microcephalia, retarded development, skin change, premature birth, inflammation, low weight at birth (Denmark)

Neurological disorders

Toxic autonomic neuropathy by esters, vinyl chloride, unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and vibration (Bulgaria)

Eye disorders

Ophthalmia by electrical light (China), chemical burn of eyes (China), occupational cataracts (31 countries)*, snow blindness (India)

Musculoskeletal disorders

Chronic low back pain (Bulgaria, Denmark,) chronic disorders of the lumbar spine (France, German, European Union, Spain, Belgium), herniated lumbar disc (Italy), intervertebral disc displacement (Taiwan), vertebral degeneration and back pain and neck and disc changes (Saudi Arabia)