Occupational Factors Associated with Changes in the Body Mass Index of Korean Male Manual Workers

Table 5 Factors associated with BMI change for the long-term work group*

	Variables	B	SE ^†	β	t	p-value
Age		−0.01	0.02	−0.10	−0.84	0.403
Education	High school or lower (Ref)
	College or higher	−0.66	0.22	−0.31	−3.03	0.003
Marital status	Single or divorced (Ref)
	Married	0.49	0.23	0.20	2.13	0.035
Smoking^‡	Never or formerly smoked (Ref)
	Started or resumed smoking	−1.57	0.78	−0.18	−2.02	0.046
	Quit smoking	0.81	0.41	0.17	1.96	0.053
	Continued smoking	−0.20	0.19	−0.10	−1.02	0.309
Alcohol drinking^§	Non-drinking (Ref)
	No change	0.05	0.34	0.02	0.15	0.884
	Decrease in drinking	0.07	0.30	0.03	0.24	0.810
	Increase in drinking	−0.51	0.29	−0.22	−1.73	0.086
Regular exercise^∥	Not performed (Ref)
	Stopped performing	0.67	0.32	0.20	2.10	0.038
	Began performing	0.24	0.24	0.09	1.00	0.321
	Continued performing	−0.06	0.40	−0.01	−0.15	0.880
Coffee drinking		0.09	0.06	0.15	1.59	0.115
Amount of sleep	< 7 hours (Ref)
	≥ 7 hours	0.03	0.18	0.01	0.17	0.865
Working hours	≤ 9 hours (Ref)
	> 9 hours, < 12 hours	0.07	0.24	0.04	0.31	0.761
	≥ 12 hours	0.20	0.31	0.08	0.64	0.524
Shift work	No shift work (Ref)
	Two shifts	−0.13	0.33	−0.04	−0.40	0.693
	Three shifts	0.58	0.27	0.24	2.16	0.033
Sitting time	0-24% (Ref)
	25-49%	−0.29	0.24	−0.13	−1.18	0.242
	50-74%	0.10	0.28	0.04	0.35	0.729
	75-100%	0.53	0.35	0.19	1.54	0.126
Job stress	Job demand	0.01	0.20	0.00	0.03	0.978
	Insufficient job control	−0.08	0.22	−0.04	−0.38	0.705
	Inadequate social support	0.44	0.23	0.19	1.93	0.056
	Job insecurity	0.28	0.22	0.11	1.28	0.204
	Organizational injustice	0.05	0.24	0.02	0.21	0.831
	Lack of reward	0.30	0.21	0.14	1.40	0.163
	Poor occupational climate	0.10	0.19	0.05	0.54	0.587

Dependent variable: The change in body mass indices between 2012 and 2013.
R² = 0.329.
* Experience of more than 5 years working at the present post.
† Standard error.
‡ The change in smoking status between 2012 and 2013.
§ The change in the weekly amount of alcohol drinking between 2012 and 2013.
∥ The change in regular exercise performance between 2012 and 2013. Those performing high- or moderate-intensity exercise were regarded as getting regular exercise.

ISSN: 2052-4374