Figure 1

GAM output of changes in cognitive and physical performances during the past 15 years according to sex. (A) Men’s MMSE; (B) Women’s MMSE; (C) Men’s IADL; (D) Women’s IADL; (E) Men’s ADL; (F) Women’s ADL. The y-axis represents the additive predictor by GAM, which is a smoothed function for each variable and explains the effect of each variable on work duration. The rug-plot on the x-axis represents the number of observations, and dashed lines are the SE +/− 2 confidence bands.