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Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of study participants

From: Emphysema prevalence related air pollution caused by a cement plant

Variables

LEG (n = 317)

MEG (n = 1,046)

Total (n = 1,363)

P-value

Sex

Female

194 (61.2)

655 (62.6)

849 (62.3)

0.684

Male

123 (38.8)

391 (37.4)

514 (37.7)

 

Age

≤59

98 (30.9)

297 (28.4)

395 (29.0)

0.337

60–69

85 (26.8)

325 (31.1)

410 (30.1)

 

≥70

134 (42.3)

424 (40.5)

558 (40.9)

 

BMI

≥25.0

113 (35.6)

449 (42.9)

562 (41.2)

0.002

24.9–20.0

164 (51.7)

525 (50.2)

689 (50.6)

 

≤19.9

40 (12.6)

72 (6.9)

112 (8.2)

 

Residency period

≤24

93 (29.3)

296 (28.3)

389 (28.5)

0.720

≥25

224 (70.7)

750 (71.7)

974 (71.5)

 

Smoking

Never

213 (67.2)

716 (68.5)

929 (68.2)

0.854

≤29

51 (16.1)

155 (14.8)

206 (15.1)

 

≥30

53 (16.7)

175 (16.7)

228 (16.7)

 

Firewood

Not use

114 (36.0)

570 (54.5)

684 (50.2)

0.000

Use

203 (64.0)

497 (45.5)

679 (49.8)

 

Income

≥100

107 (33.8)

330 (31.5)

437 (32.1)

0.461

≤99

210 (66.2)

716 (68.5)

926 (67.9)

 
  1. P-value by chi-square test
  2. MEG: ‘more exposed group’ who lived within the 1 km radius of the cement plant
  3. LEG: ‘less exposed group’ who lived 5 km or more away from the cement plant in not related to usually wind direction
  4. Age and Residency period: years, Body mass index (BMI); kg/m2, Smoking: pack-years, Income: ten thousand won (Korea)/month