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Table 3 Estimated associations of IQR increases in annual average air pollution and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)

From: Association between exposure to ambient air pollution and renal function in Korean adults

 

Unadjusted Model

Model 1a

Model 2b

Air pollutants

β (95% CI)

p-value

β (95% CI)

p-value

β (95% CI)

p-value

PM10 (μg/m3)

−3.10 (− 3.47, − 2.73)

< 0.0001

− 0.58 (− 1.00, − 0.17)

0.0054

− 0.46 (− 0.87, − 0.04)

0.0314

NO2 (ppb)

− 0.78 (− 1.16, − 0.41)

0.0010

− 0.93 (− 1.47, − 0.39)

0.0008

−0.85 (− 1.40, − 0.30)

0.0026

SO2 (ppb)

−1.58 (− 1.78, − 1.38)

< 0.0001

0.14 (− 0.07, 0.34)

0.1903

0.17 (− 0.03, 0.38)

0.1015

CO (ppm)

−2.25 (− 2.48, − 2.01)

< 0.0001

−0.02 (− 0.27, 0.22)

0.8568

0.03 (− 0.21, 0.28)

0.7878

  1. CI, confidence interval, PM 10 particulate matter < 10 μm in diameter, NO 2 nitrogen dioxide, SO 2 sulfur dioxide, CO carbon monoxide
  2. The beta coefficient and 95% confidence interval in each air pollutant was scaled to the interquartile range for each pollutant, respectively (10 μg/m3 for PM10, 12 ppb for NO2, 1 ppb for SO2, and 0.1 ppm for CO)
  3. aModel 1 was adjusted for demographic variables including age, sex, household income quartile, education level, smoking, alcohol consumption, high protein intake, survey year, and residential region
  4. bModel 2 was adjusted for demographic variables plus clinical variables including body mass index, total cholesterol, fasting glucose, diabetes, systolic blood pressure, and hypertension
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