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Table 4 Estimated associations of IQR increases in annual average air pollution and chronic kidney disease (CKD)

From: Association between exposure to ambient air pollution and renal function in Korean adults

 

Unadjusted Model

Model 1a

Model 2b

Air pollutants

OR (95% CI)

p-value

OR (95% CI)

p-value

OR (95% CI)

p-value

PM10 (μg/m3)

1.40 (1.27, 1.53)

< 0.0001

1.14 (1.00, 1.29)

0.0436

1.10 (0.96, 1.25)

0.1665

NO2 (ppb)

0.98 (0.89, 1.08)

0.6759

1.09 (0.93, 1.29)

0.2909

1.06 (0.89, 1.26)

0.5257

SO2 (ppb)

1.18 (1.13, 1.24)

< 0.0001

0.96 (0.91, 1.03)

0.2343

0.97 (0.91,1.04)

0.3535

CO (ppm)

1.26 (1.19, 1.34)

< 0.0001

1.02 (0.95, 1.09)

0.6420

0.99 (0.92,1.06)

0.7628

  1. OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, PM 10 particulate matter < 10 μm in diameter, NO 2 nitrogen dioxide, SO 2 sulfur dioxide, CO carbon monoxide
  2. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval in each air pollutant was scaled to the interquartile range for each pollutant, respectively (10 μg/m3 for PM10, 12 ppb for NO2, 1 ppb for SO2, and 0.1 ppm for CO)
  3. aModel 1 was adjusted for demographic variables including age, sex, household income quartile, education level, smoking, alcohol consumption, high protein intake, survey year, and residential region
  4. bModel 2 was adjusted for demographic variables plus clinical variables including body mass index, total cholesterol, fasting glucose, diabetes, systolic blood pressure, and hypertension
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Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

ISSN: 2052-4374

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